Apache HTTP Server VS Undertow

• Open Source
  Apache HTTP Server is open source, meaning it is freely available for anyone to use, modify, and distribute. This promotes a large, active community that contributes to its maintenance and improvement.
• Cross-Platform
  Apache is compatible with a variety of operating systems, including Unix, Linux, and Windows, providing flexibility and widespread usability.
• Highly Customizable
  It offers a modular architecture that allows users to enable or disable features as needed, and to extend functionality through modules.
• Robust Documentation
  Apache provides comprehensive and detailed documentation, which makes it easier for users to install, configure, and troubleshoot the server.
• Widespread Adoption
  With its long history and widespread use, Apache has proven to be reliable and trusted by many organizations worldwide, ensuring a level of trust and stability.
• Rich Feature Set
  Apache includes many features out-of-the-box, such as SSL/TLS support, URL redirection, authentication, load balancing, and more.

Possible disadvantages

• Performance Overhead
  Compared to some lightweight web servers like Nginx, Apache can have higher memory and CPU usage, which may not be ideal for high concurrency needs.
• Complex Configuration
  Apache's extensive customization options can lead to a complex configuration process, which may be challenging for beginners or those without specific expertise.
• Less Efficient in Serving Static Content
  While Apache is highly capable, it may be less efficient at serving static content compared to specialized web servers like Nginx.
• Initial Learning Curve
  Due to its rich features and configurability, new users might face a steep learning curve when first setting up and using Apache HTTP Server.
• Module Compatibility Issues
  Sometimes, third-party modules may not always be compatible with the latest versions of Apache, causing potential integration issues.

• Performance
  Undertow is designed to be a lightweight and high-performance web server, which makes it particularly suitable for high-traffic applications.
• Flexibility
  Undertow can be embedded in applications or run as a standalone server, offering developers flexibility in deployment.
• HTTP/2 Support
  Native support for HTTP/2 is available, which can significantly improve the performance and efficiency of web applications.
• Non-blocking IO
  The server supports non-blocking IO, enhancing its ability to handle numerous simultaneous connections efficiently.
• Modular Architecture
  Undertow has a modular design, enabling developers to include only the modules that their applications need, which keeps the footprint small.

Possible disadvantages

• Documentation
  While improving, documentation may not be as comprehensive or user-friendly as some competing web servers, potentially leading to a steeper learning curve.
• Ecosystem
  Undertow has a smaller ecosystem compared to more established servers like Apache or Nginx, which might limit available plugins, extensions, and community support.
• Complexity
  The high level of configurability and flexibility can make Undertow more complex to set up and understand, especially for newcomers.
• Community Support
  While Undertow has an active user base, it does not have as large or vibrant a community as some other web servers, which could affect the availability of third-party help and resources.
• Less Proven in Production
  Compared to legacy web servers, Undertow is relatively newer and might not be as battle-tested in a wide variety of production environments.

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Tracking Undertow since Mar 2021.