Haskell

Website

haskell.org

$ Details

Categories

#Programming Language #OOP #Generic Programming Language #Dynamic Programming Language

C (programming language)

Website

open-std.org

$ Details

-

Categories

#Programming Language #OOP #Generic Programming Language #Dynamic Programming Language

Haskell features and specs

• Pure Functional Programming
  Haskell emphasizes pure functional programming, meaning functions have no side effects. This leads to code that is easier to understand, test, and maintain.
• Strong Type System
  Haskell's type system is strong and expressive, allowing developers to catch many errors at compile time. This results in more reliable code.
• Lazy Evaluation
  Haskell uses lazy evaluation by default, which can lead to performance improvements by avoiding unnecessary computations and enabling the creation of infinite data structures.
• Immutability
  In Haskell, data is immutable by default. This leads to simpler reasoning about code behavior and reduces bugs related to mutable state.
• High-Level Abstractions
  Haskell provides powerful abstractions like monads, functors, and applicative functors, which can lead to more concise and expressive code.
• Concurrency
  Haskell has excellent support for concurrency and parallelism through its lightweight threading model and software transactional memory, making it suitable for concurrent applications.
• Community and Libraries
  Haskell has a dedicated community and a rich set of libraries and tools, which can help accelerate development and provide solutions to common problems.

Possible disadvantages of Haskell

• Steep Learning Curve
  Haskell has a steep learning curve, particularly for developers who are new to functional programming or coming from imperative and object-oriented backgrounds.
• Performance Concerns
  While Haskell can be efficient, its performance can sometimes lag behind other languages like C++ or Rust for certain use cases, especially those requiring low-level optimization.
• Limited Industry Adoption
  Haskell is not as widely adopted in industry compared to languages like Java, Python, or JavaScript, which can limit job opportunities and community size.
• Compilation Times
  Haskell's compilation times can be long, especially for large projects, which can slow down the development process.
• Tooling and IDE Support
  While improving, the tooling and IDE support for Haskell is not as mature as for some other popular languages, potentially affecting developer productivity.
• Complexity of Advanced Features
  Some of Haskell's advanced features, such as monads and type-level programming, can be complex and difficult to master, which can be a barrier for new developers.
• Library Gaps
  Although Haskell has many libraries, there might be gaps or less mature libraries for some specific use cases compared to more mainstream languages.

C (programming language) features and specs

• Efficiency
  C programming language is known for its performance efficiency due to minimal runtime and direct mapping to machine instructions.
• Portability
  Programs written in C can be compiled and run on various platforms with minimal modifications, making it highly portable across systems.
• Rich Library Support
  C provides a vast collection of libraries that offer numerous functions for tasks ranging from mathematical computations to input-output operations.
• Flexibility
  C provides a versatile framework for writing various applications, including system software, and is suitable for low-level programming.
• Control
  C offers extensive control over system resources and memory, which allows for efficient system programming and hardware manipulation.
• Well-Established Standards
  C has a well-defined standardization (ANSI C), which helps maintain consistency and reliability across different applications and platforms.

Possible disadvantages of C (programming language)

• Low-level Abstraction
  C offers little abstraction from hardware, making it necessary for programmers to manage memory and system resources directly.
• Complex Syntax
  C programming language has a somewhat complex syntax that may be difficult for beginners to grasp.
• Manual Memory Management
  C requires explicit memory management, increasing the risk of memory leaks and buffer overflows if not handled properly.
• Limited Error Handling
  The language provides limited support for error handling, often requiring codes to be written for error checking manually.
• No Built-in Object-Oriented Programming
  C does not inherently support object-oriented programming paradigms like classes and inheritance, which are prevalent in modern programming.
• Security Vulnerabilities
  The lack of built-in security features can expose programs to vulnerabilities such as buffer overflow attacks.

Functional Programming & Haskell - Computerphile

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