Keeper VS Pair2FA

Pair2FA's answer:

Most tools in this space share a vault. Pair2FA shares a code.

A teammate granted Viewer access to an account sees the live rotating six-digit code and nothing else. The underlying TOTP secret is never sent to them, so access can be withdrawn in one click without rotating the secret or re-enrolling anyone else.

The second difference is that permissions are per account, not per vault. Being a member of a workspace grants access to nothing by itself; every account is shared explicitly. That is what makes it workable for an agency holding several clients' credentials in one place, where a shared folder model would leak one client's access to the team working on another.

Exporting a raw secret is a separate permission on top of Manager, requires re-authentication every time, and is written to an audit log.

Pair2FA's answer:

Choose it when the problem is specifically shared 2FA on accounts that have no multi-user support, and when you need to be able to take that access back.

Against a password manager like 1Password or Bitwarden: those are the right answer if you also need to share passwords and your team has a seat each. Pair2FA is narrower - it shares only the rotating code, scoped per account rather than per vault, which fits an agency or a seller working with contractors who should see one client's account and nothing else.

Against an authenticator app: Google Authenticator and Authy are built for one person. Sharing with a team means photographing the setup QR code, which cannot be revoked and leaves the secret on someone's camera roll.

Do not choose it when the service you are sharing already offers real multi-user access, roles or partner access. Those are safer and you should use them first. Pair2FA exists for the logins that have no seat to give out.

Pair2FA's answer:

Small teams who share logins they do not individually own.

Four groups in particular:

• Digital and marketing agencies operating client accounts - Meta Business Manager, Google Ads, Mailchimp, a client's own Google account - where the 2FA code goes to the client's phone and work stops until they answer.

• E-commerce sellers working with virtual assistants. Amazon Seller Central, Shopify, Etsy and eBay are single-login accounts, so the owner ends up relaying codes over chat at odd hours.

• Real estate teams sharing listing portals, MLS and IDX logins across agents.

• Engineering and DevOps teams with shared infrastructure accounts - an AWS root login, a CI bot account, a client-owned Cloudflare or registrar account - where access currently depends on one person being awake.

The common thread is not company size, it is that the account itself has no concept of more than one user, and the team has been working around that with screenshots.

Pair2FA's answer:

Frontend: Next.js 16 (App Router) with React 19, Tailwind CSS v4 and Radix UI primitives. QR code scanning runs in the browser.

Backend: Node.js with Express, Prisma ORM over PostgreSQL.

Authentication: JWT bearer tokens, bcrypt password hashing, and Google OAuth via google-auth-library. Secret export uses a short-lived signed challenge bound to both the account and the caller's current session, then verifies a password or a Google ID token with nonce replay protection.

Cryptography: AES-256-GCM via Node's crypto module for secrets at rest, stored as iv:authTag:ciphertext. TOTP generation uses otplib, implementing RFC 6238.

Billing: Stripe Checkout and Customer Portal, with subscription state driven by signed webhooks.

Transactional email: Resend.