LWC is supposed to be their approach to play nice with web standards and appeal to a broader group, and "web components" without the lightning niche specific stuff can get you close especially if you use https://lightningdesignsystem.com for your off-platform-hosted page and web components. Source: about 1 year ago
This is a bit more of a broad topic than your original question but the lightningdesignsystem.com website is always a good resource for various specifics on styling and SLDS (aura). Source: over 2 years ago
Do you know an article comparing Lightning Design System to other products?
Suggest a link to a post with product alternatives.
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